Mechanism independently controlling each feed.



R T. HAZELTON.

MECHANISM INDEPENDBNTLY CONTROLLING EACH FEED.

' APPLICATION FILED JULY 13, 1914.

1,125,905. Patented Jan. 19, 1915.

3 sums-SHEET 1.

. R. T. HAZELTON. MECHANISM INDEPENDENTLY CONTROLLING EACH FEED.

APPLIOATION FILED JULY 13, 1914.

1,125,905. Patented Jan. 19, 1915.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

1 F'ecv. 4-,,

R. T. HAZELTON.

MECHANISM INDEPENDENTLY CONTROLLING EACH FEED.

APPLIGATION FILED JULY 13, 1914.

1 ,125,905. Patented Jan. 19, 1915.

' s SHEETS-SHEET 3.

He, IE. i,

- Eta-1H,

stra'rs P ROBERT '1. HAZELTON, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THECINCINNATI MILLING MACHINE COMPANY, OF CINCINNATI,

OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO.

MECHANISM IN DEPENDEN TLY CONTROLLING EACH FEED.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 19, 19315,

Application filed. July 13, 1914. Serial No. 850,698.

and State of Ohio, have invented a new and Improved MechanismIndependently Controlling Each Feed, of which the followingspecification is a full disclosure.

This invention deals with improvements in the mechanism for eflecting,in any one of a. plurality of available directions, a relative movementbetween a tool-supporting member and a work-supporting member; anditproposes an organization whereby the motion in any of the directionsmay be reversed or stopped quite independently of the setting of themechanism for producing motion in other directions; and whereby eachcontrol lever will invariably roduce thesame effect when in a givenposition and without being influenced or modified in its function byreason of the setting of any other lever designed to control otherdirections of movement.

Heretofore, it has been customary in one type of milling-machines to usean automatically-controlled dominating or master clutchmember which waslocated in a separate box and was actuated by any one of the threetrip-devices respectively controlling thelvertical-feed of the knee, thecross-feed of the saddle and the longitudinal-feed ofthe table; therebyenabling the table to be moved in any one of three transversedirections. This reversing-clutch dominates the various branches of thepropelling transmission and, to enable all of the branches (except theone in immediateuse) to be rendered temporarily inoperative, it has beennecessary in such constructions to provide each branch of the propellingtransmission with its own individual or secondary clutch. Thus, in caseit should be desired to use the longitudinal feed, then the clutchindividually controlling the transmission branch that extends to thetable feed-screw will be brought into its operative position; and allthe other clutches,

last-used individual clutch- (the longitudinal table feed clutch forexample) and by error first throw the cross-feed clutch, then bothclutches would be operating simultaneously and the table would have acompound or dlagonal movement and some damage might be done to the workor the machine under certain conditions.

In the case of another type of milling-machines, an independent reverseris used in the feed train, but the automatic tripping is done through aseparate clutch for each individual feed, and not through theindependent reverser. This gives rise to the disadvantage that, if thefeed is thrown out by means of a dog, it cannot be rengaged so long asthe dog is opposite the trip-plunger, unless the construction beconsiderably complicated by the use of some peculiar and more or lessinvolved mechanism overcomingIthese difficulties.

i ow, a primary object of this invention is to create a new system ororganization of a simple yet effective character, and which will whollyavoid the difliculties enumerated as to the abovementioned types ofmachines; so that regardless of the position of any other clutch, anygiven clutch will always produce a consistent efi'ect as to itsparticular feed, and so that no other clutch has any inflience over, oreffect upon, that particular Another object is to utilize independentlyreversible branch-line transmissions for the table, saddle and knee,respectively, and to drive each branch-line from a distant prime moverby means of an irreversible trunkline transmission and to provideseparate levers for automatically as well as manually controlling thedirection of motion delivered by each branch-line.

Another object is to simplify the manipulation of milling-machines by sodevising and arranging the lever or levers determining the direction oftravel that the directions in which they slant will invariablycorrespond with the directions in which the table will be caused then tomove, thus avoiding errors due to a confusion of the attendant. Thus ifa feed-control lever be swung up, the table will feed upwardly, andconversely. So also, if he desires to cause the table to move in anygiven direction, and does not know which lever will produce that result,he needsonly attempt to pull showing one of each lever in the givendirection withthe assurance that the only one yielding in that directionwill cause the effect desired, whether the direction sought be to theright or left, or in or out, or up or down.

Other objects will be in part obvious from the annexed drawings and inpart indicated in connection therewith by the following analysis of thisinvention.

This invention accordingly consists in the features of construction,combination of parts and in the unique relations of the members and inthe relative proportioning and disposition thereof; all as morecompletely outlined herein. H

To enable others skilled'in the art so fully to comprehend theunderlying features thereof that they may embody the same by thenumerous modifications in structure and relation contemplated by thisinvention, drawings depicting a preferred form have been annexed asapart of this disclosure, and in' such drawings, like characters ofreference denote corresponding parts throughout all the views, of whichFigure 1 is a front elevation of a machine tool embodying thisinvention. Fig. 2 is a diagrammatic lay-out exemplifying a concatenatedseries of gears forming a trunkline transmission through a feed-changemechanism and two branch-line transmissions determining the twodirections of horizontal movement of the table. Fig. 3 is a similarlay-out of the knee-actuating branch-line transmission for controllingthe vertical movement of the table. Fig. 4 is a vertical sectionlongitudinal of the table rangements of motion-reversers for thetable-screw. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary side elevation showing the knee anda portion of the saddle, together with the means operable by hand, orautomatically, for controlling the motion-reversers for the knee andsaddle respectively. Fig. 6 is a vertical section partly in elevationshowing further details of the aforesaid mechanism. Fig. 7 is a detailof a detent for definitely pos1- tioning the saddle controlling clutch.Fig. 8 is a detail of a detent for definitely positioning thekneecontrolling clutch. Fig. 9 is a front elevation of thetrip-mechanism for positioning the table-actuating clutch.

Fig. 10 is a horizontal section through line 10-10 of Fig. 1. Fig. 11 isa detail of the dog mechanism for operating the knee clutch. Fig. 12 is'a detail of a control device.

It may at the outset be explained that this invention proposes atransmission system deriving motion from a suitable source and havingasmany branch-line transmissions as there are directions in which arelative motion is to be effected between a toolsupportingmembe'r and awork-supporting member. Each of said branch-lines also or anti-clockwiseas the case may be) the various possible arwith gear D embodies anindividual motion-reverser so constructed and arranged as always totransmit motion in a given direction when shifted in the same way. Thatis to say, in each branch-line there are two members either one of whichmay be operatively connected with a third member with the effect that inthe one case the motion will invariably be transmitted clockwise, and inthe other case the motion will invariably be transmitted anti-clockwise.A characteristic of this system is also that the transmission systemextending from the primemover to each branch-line motion-reverser isconstituted entirely of uni-directional elements, 2'. 6., eachtransmission element in tervening between the prime-mover and themotion-reverser in each branch-line rotates invariably in the samedirection (clockwise and it never suffers a reversal of'direction duringa normal use of the machine. In the more improved aspect of thisinvention, the table-propelling transmission will be formed of a first,second and third branch-line, each including a motion-reverser, thefirst branch-line yielding the longitudinal feed, the second branch-lineproviding the crossfeed, and the third branch-line affording thevertical feed; and all these three branchlines will off-shoot from auni-directional.

trunk-line that includes a feed-change mechanism and which derivesmotion from the prime-mover and irreversibly imparts motion to each ofthe three branch-lines.

The transmission including the feedchange gearing will now be described.In this illustrated embodiment, the trunk-line transmission may be saidto extend from the fork or terminal-member 8 to the" variousterminal-members at the junctions of the several branch-lines; the oneraisin the knee, the other moving the saddle, an the third directlyactuating the table. Thus, a pinlon d is keyed to the shaft 9. andmeshes with the gear d which is keyed to the shaft d so as to drive it.Splined to this shaft are two shiftable gear-units d and d. The formercarries the gears d and d, and the latter carries the gears d and d andthe purpose of enabling these gear bearers to be shifted is to utilizeone or another of said four gears for propelling or transmitting 9 whichmay be brought into mesh with gear D by a lateral movement of the unit9, 'or similarly the gear 9 may be meshed Inasmuch as the unit 9 issplined-to a sleeve g, the latter will be r0- .motion is derived fromone of these five gears. Thus, the gear-unit g carries a geartated at arate dependent upon the character of the foregoing intermeshing; withtheefi'ect thatgear 9 which is fast to the sleeve 9 will directly drivethe gear G and indirectly the gear G at a correspondmg rate. The gear G3and the sleeve 9 constltute terminal members, either of which may bebrought into propelling relation with agear kwhich is splined to andtherefore drlves the shaft If, This connection is effected on the onehand by the teeth of the gear G, and\ on the other hand by theclutch-teeth at the end of the sleeve 9 The shaft k is keyed to a gearit which permanently meshes with the gear H which is in the nature of ajunction member for the branch-line leading directly to the table, onthe one hand, and for the branch-lines leading to the saddle C and tothe knee B, on the other hand.

Inasmuch as the members al and d enable four feed-changes to be made,and the member 9 introduces two other multipliers in serial relationwith these changes, and

the member It also introduces two more multipliers in serial relation,it will therefore be evident that four times two times two, or sixteendifi'erent changes of. feed are rendered available for all thebranch-lines i. e., for each of the three transverse directions in whichthe table may be fed. The table transmission in this embodiment includesan extension or sleeve 10 of the. gear H and a bevel gear 11 keyedthereon. Bevel 12 meshes with bevel 11 and is keyed to the gear-shaft 13which typifies a connection actuating the bevel-gear 14 which issuitably journaled in the saddle of the machine. -This bevel 14 mesheswith both the bevels R and L which are also journaled in thetable-support C. A shiftable clutchmember T controls the direction offeed of the table by being interlocked either with the bevel R (to feedthe table to the right) or with the bevel L (tofeed it to the left)'since'it is splined to a sleeve 15 that is in turn splined to the shaftt which is translatedby the cooperation of its threads 18 with the nut19 fixed to the table-support 'C. By means of-collars 17, thescrew-shaft t is enabled to reciprocate.

The saddle branch-line transmission may be said to start with thejunction-member or gear H which meshes with a pinion i that is splinedtothe shaft 7' which extends cross-wise to the table-screw and isjourmaled in the knee so that as the saddle moves in and out, the pinionwill preserve the driv ing connection by merely sliding on the shaft 7'.This shaft 1' has keyed to its other end a pinion-c which meshes withone of a pair of intermediate gears l and m which are journaled on ashaft n carried by the saddle. Gear l meshes directly with-a terminalgear I and gear m meshes indirectly through the idler o pivoted b shaftp with a companion terminal-gear These terminal gears I and O are looseon a transmission shaft 9 but either of them may be connected with it bymeans of a clutch-member S which thereby controls the direction oftravel of the saddle. When clutch S is shifted to the right, itinterlocks with gear 0 and thereupon it drives shaft g in acorresponding direction through its spline-connection therewith. Thisrotates gear 1' which then turns the idler u and causes the gear '0 tobe turned. The saddle-screw s is thereby rotated.

The knee branch-line transmission embodies a pair of uni-directionalgears U and D, the one of which is caused irreversibly to rotate in anopposite direction to the other. In the form illustrated, this isaccomplished by a direct meshing of the gear U with the gear I and ofthe gear D with the gear 0. These gears U andD are coaxial with astub-shaft 21 to which is splined a shiftable clutch-member K which mayinterlock either with gear D to execute a downward movement of the table(through the knee) or with gear U to yield an upward movement. This isdone through the bevel 22 keyed to shaft 21 and meshing with gear 23splined to shaft 24 which extends horizontally to a bevel 25 that mesheswith the bevel 26 fast to the knee-screw K.

The means instrumental in shifting the various clutch-members T, S and K(for the table, saddle and knee, respectively,) into interlocking drivenrelation with the corresponding terminal members R to feed the table tothe right, L to feed it to the left, I to feed it in, O to feed it out,U to feed it up or D to feed it down, will now be described. The tripmechanism for control-' ling the right and left movements .may beconstructed in various ways. For example,

it may embody a rock shaft 30 (see Fi 10) which is pivotedly mounted inthe saddle or table-support and carries a hand-lever 31 at the frontside of thetable so that by swin ing the handle to the right the rocksha will turn clockwise, and co'nversely. The parts are so arranged thatthe directlon m which the handle is swung will indicate the- ,directionin which the table will be caused to feed. Thus, when handle 31 is swungto the right, the pin 32 eccentrically located on the rock-shaft 30, asshown by Fig. 9., will be thrown to the right, thereby shi ting theclutch T to the right through the intermediate roller or shoe 33. Whenthe clutch T has been thrown to the right it will interlock with thebevel R (see Fig. 3) and the feed-screw t of the table will be caused torotate in a direction effective to produce a right-handed feed of thetable. This motion will'continue until the attendant manuv ally shiftsthe parts B so that it may conversely, or until they are automaticallytripped, as will now be explained.

At an appropriate distance from the left hand end of the table is a dog34 providing a contact surface 35 which will ultimately impact thecontact surface 36 of a suitable trip-member of plunger 37, therebyshifting the position of the same, in this instance depressing it. Thistrip-member is suitably connected with the rock-shaft 30, as by" meansof the circular rack 38 which meshes with the teeth 39 of the pinion 40which is keyed to the rock-shaft 30 so as to turn the sameanti-clockwise. The parts are so designed and constructed that under thepositive action of the dog the clutch T will be thrown only so far as tobring it out of engagement with the bevel R, but not positively intoengagement with the-bevel L; otherwise, should the clutch-teeth notmatch then fracture would result. In other words, the first portion ofthe throw has a positive movement and the final portion has animpositive movement which is produced by means of a wedge-pin 41actuated'by the spring 42 so as to force the pin to a position on oneside or the other of the cam-peak 43, as will be understood. This willreverse the direction of the table and cause it to feed to the leftuntil the dog 44 brings its contact-surface 45 into coaction with thesurface 46 of the plunger 37 whereupon the parts will be converselyshifted and the direction again reversed. A similar trip-mechanism maybe used in connection with any other of the clutches, or an improvedtrip mechanism may be emloved, as will now be described preferably inconnection with the other two directions of feed of the table.

The trip-mechanism for controlling the inward and dle, as well as theupward and downward movements of the knee, comprises a tripelement E,here assuming the form of an elongated rod, which is mounted on the kneebe shifted longitudinally (to control vertical movements) or may berotated to control inward and outward 'movements.

Pivotally supported by the knee to swing in a horizontal plane is ahand-lever J Should the attendant pull this lever outwardly or towardhimself, then would the saddle be caused to travel toward the attendantthrough the following operation. The lever J is pivoted to a verticalrockshaft 50 which bears teeth 51- adjacent its upper end, and theseteeth intermesh with rack-teeth 52 in a shaft 53 (see Fig. 6) which isjournaled in the knee so as to shift longitudinally, and which carriesan arm 54 terminating in a shoe 55 which rides, in the grooveof theclutch S so as to deteroutwardmovements of the sadmine the positionthereof. When the lever J is pulled outwardly a similar motion would beproduced in the shaft 53 thereby shifting the clutch S to the right, asseen by Fig. 2, and intermeshing with the gear 0 so as to due time, adog or impact element 56 (see Fig. 5) will impact the contact surface 58of the dog 57 with the result that the rockshaft E will be turnedclockwise, as'indicated by the arrow 59 on Fig. 6, thereby translatingthe ring-shaft e to the left by means of the rack-teeth 60 so as torotate the shaft 50 in the opposite that last mentioned with the resultthat the shoe 55 will movethe clutch S toward the gear I by a positiveaction and until the spring pressed detent 61 is enabled to complete thethrow as will be seen from Fig. 7. The saddle will now feed inwardly ortoward the column of the machine until the dog 56 impacts the dog 0 androtates the rock-shaft E in a direction opposite to the arrows shown onFig. the table and saddle will again feed outwardly.

The means for causing the table to be raised or lowered is trippedthrough the instrumentality of certain of the above mentioned parts.Namely, this means is controlled by a lever M which is fixed to theouter end of the shaft 62, which in turn is provided with gear-teeth 63meshing. with the rack 64 on the shaft part 65 from which extends thearm 66 that carries a shoe 67 ridin in the groove of the clutch-memberK. ow, when the handle M is raised the 'shoe 67 will move the clutch Kto the left, as seen by Fig.3, thereby interlocking it with the gear Uand causing the knee to raise. Ultimately the dog 68 ad ustably securedto the column will impact the head 69 of the trip-element E and shift itoutwardly in the direction of the arrow 70 shown on Fig. 5, and thiswill cause the rock-shaft 63, as shown by Fig. 6, to be rotated in thedirection of the arrow 71 throwing the handdirection from y feed thesaddle outwardly. In 7 6 with the result that K to the right as seen byFig. 3, and into interlocking engagement with the gear D thereby causingthe table to feed down- A spring pressed detent pin 1), shown by Figs. 6and 8, completes the throw of the parts, as will be understood. Now, asthe knee descends, the dog a (see Fig. 5) will ultimately impact thehead 69 and reverse the operations.

Having thus revealed this invention, I claim as new and desire to securethe following combination of elements, or equivalents thereof, byLetters Patent of the United States 1. A machine-tool organizationcombining a table; a frame-unit slidably supporting thereof; anotherframe-unit connected with said first frame-unit to provide for arelative movement therebetween in a direction transverse to the abovementioned movement of said table; a first branch-line transmission forlongitudinallly moving said table and embodying a motion-reversercomprising a clutch-member shiftable into one position always effectiveto move said table to the right and shiftable into another positionalways effective to move said table to the left; a second branch-linetransmission for transversely moving said table and also embodying amotion-reverser comprising a clutch-member shiftable into two positionseach always effective transversely to move said table in a directionopposite to that of the other; a prime-mover; and a transmission system.for irreversibly transmitting motion from said prime-mover to each ofsaid branch-line transmissions.

2. A machine-tool organization combining a column; a knee; a saddle; atable; a first branch-line transmission for effecting a relativemovement between the knee and the column; a second branch-linetransmission for moving the saddle relatively to the knee; a thirdbranch-line transmission for moving the table relatively to the saddle;a prime-mover; transmission means for irreversibly driving each of saidbranch-line transmissions by motion derived from said prime-mover; amotion-reverser independently controlling each branch-line transmis sionand each elfective in a given position always to impart a given motionin this branch-line transmission; and means for independently operatingeach of said motion reversers.

3. A machine-tool organization combining a plurality of relativelymovable frameunits; a transmission for feeding one of said frame-unitsand embodying a pair of coaxial gears; a clutch-element adapted to beinterlocked with the one or the other of said gears; a second pair ofco-axial gears directly meshing with said first pair; a clutchmemberadapted to be interlocked with the one or the other gears of said secondpair; and means for propelling another of said frame-units from saidclutch-member.

4. A machine-tool organization of the nature disclosed combining acolumn; a knee; a ,saddle; a table; three branch-line transmissions; aprime-mover; transnnsslon means irreversibly imparting motion to each ofsaid three branch-line transmissions; a first lever movablein a verticalplane; a motion reverser in the knee operating branch-line transmissioncontrolled by said first lever whereby the knee will be elevated whensaid lever is raised and conversely; a second lever movable in ahorizontal plane; a motion-reverser in the saddle operating transmissionconnected with said second lever whereby said saddle will be movedtoward the column when the lever is shifted toward the column andconversely; a'third lever movable in a horizontal plane transversely tothe second lever; and a motionreverser in the table operatingtransmission and connected with said third lever whereby the table willbe fed to the right when said third lever is swung to the right andconversely.

5. A machine-tool organization combining a knee; a first lever pivotedlysupported by the knee to swing about a vertical axis andhaving ahand-grip adjacent the front end of said knee whereby said hand-grip maybe moved inwardly and outwardly with relation to the attendant; a secondlever also pivoted to said knee but adapted to swing about a horizontalaxis and having a handgrip also adjacent the front end of said kneeadapted to be moved up and down; a first branch-line transmissionembodying a motiont-reverser operable by said first lever to move saidsaddle when said first lever has been moved outward and conversely; asecond branch-line transmission embodying a motion-reverser adapted tomove said knee upward when said second lever has been swung upward andconversely; a primemover; and means for irreversibly imparting motion toeach of said branch-line transmissions from said prime-mover.

i 6. A machine-tool organization combining a work-supporting member anda toolsupporting member ;'.a number of slidably connected frame-unitsintervening between said members to provide for relative movementstherebetween in any one of three transverse directions, a firstbranch-line transmission for controlling the movement in one-of saidtransverse directions and emclutch-element shiftable into two positionseach always effective to effect said relative movement in a directionopposite to that of the other; a third branch-linetransmission forcausing a relative movement between said members in a direction at rightangles to each of the above-mentioned movements and also embodying amotion-reverser comprising a clutch-element adapted when shifted intothe same position always to cause the movement to take place in the samedirection; a prime-mover; and a-transmission system for irreversiblytransmittin motion from said prime-mover to each 0 said branch-linetransmissions.

table to the right 7. A machine-tool organization combining a table; afirst frame-unit slidably supporting said table to provide alongitudinal travel thereof; a second frame-unit conn cted with saidfirst frame-unit to provide for a relative movement therebetween in adirection transverse to the above-mentioned movement of said table; afirst branch-line transmission for longitudinally moving said table andembodying a motion-reverser comprising aclutch-member shiftable into oneposition always effective to move said and shiftable into anotherposition always effective to move said table to the left; a hand-leverpivoted about an axis transverse to the length of the table and soconnected with said clutch-member as to cause said table to travel tothe right when said lever is swung to the right; a second branch-linetransmission for transversely moving one of said frame-units relatheother and also embodying a tively to clutch-memmotion-reversercomprising a ber shiftable into a given position always effective tomove said frame-unit transversely in a given direction; a primemover;another hand-lever pivoted about an axis parallel with the length of thetable and adapted when swung in a'given direction to so shift saidclutch-member as to move said frame-unit in the direction of saidhand-lever; and a transmission system for irreversibly transmittingmotion from said prime-mover to each of said branchline transmissions.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name, as attested to by thetwo subscribing witnesses.

ROBERT T. HAZELTON.

Witnesses: 7

S01. Ems'rmn,

H. T. WILLIAMS.

